Biological and Psychosocial Correlates of Adult Gender ‐ Variant Identities : New

This study examined biological and psychosocial variables that are relevant to the etiology of gender-variance. Data were collected over the internet from 2277 participants of either gender who identified as transsexual, other gender-variant, and not gender-variant. We found number of gender-variant relatives, handedness, emotional abuse, finger length ratios (2D:4D), and systematizing significantly predicted Adult Gender-Variance among participants of both genders. Adult Gender-Variance was also predicted by number of older brothers among birth-assigned males. No significant differences were found in extreme righthandedness or mental rotation. No significant interaction effects were found with sexual orientation. While these findings are generally consistent with past research, there were limitations of the internet-based methodology, including a non-representative sample.